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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（新春走基层）宝成线上的五等小站：“90后”接力守护安全****** 中新网绵阳1月18日电 (邓文鑫)“车站是第二个家，我们准备了香肠腊肉，还包了饺子，在这里好好过个年。”临近除夕，在位于四川省绵阳市江油市雁门镇的斑竹园车站，青工郎依王杰一边忙着贴春联，一边说他跟家人商量好了，今年除夕他当班，就不回家吃年夜饭了。 斑竹园车站地处西南山区腹地，原名雁门坝站，始建于1958年，是宝成线上的一座五等小站。小站虽小，但位于宝成铁路大动脉上，扼整条铁路线咽喉，一旦行车组织不畅，便会影响整条线路的安全畅通。 斑竹园车站站长刘胜介绍，火车从邻站进入这里，必须经过20多个遂道和10多座桥梁，其中有4000多米长的会龙场隧道和50多米高的清江2号大桥，而这一桥一隧均是宝成线之最。  斑竹园车站地处西南山区腹地，是宝成线上的一座五等小站。 邓文鑫 摄站长刘胜是一位1994年出生的小伙，和他搭档的，是1992年出生的副站长尹邦杰。除此之外，小站还有5名“95后”青工，他们接过老一辈铁路人的接力棒，坚守小站，在春运期间守护铁路大动脉的安全畅通。 春运期间，由于列车增多，斑竹园车站每天通过的列车达到了200余列，有开往北京、上海、青岛、福州、兰州、呼和浩特等地的客车，还有奔向俄罗斯、波兰、德国、格鲁吉亚的中欧班列。列车密度大时，助理值班员几分钟就要接一列。  与信号楼进行安全联控。 邓文鑫 摄“X8062次，斑竹园站二道通过。”1月18日12时17分，95年出生的车站值班员郭小峰与司机安全联控。2分钟后，满载集装箱的中欧班列从车站呼啸而过，一头扎进隧道里，消失在北上的茫芒大山之中。 山谷中的车站，冬天风很大，加上列车通过时卷起的巨大风浪，刮在脸上就跟刀子一样。在现场接发列车的助理值班员陈林紧了紧身子，全神贯注地监视列车运行，顾不得揉一揉冻得发僵的耳朵。“远看装载，近看走行。”这位年轻的小伙子谈起工作显得老道熟练：“山高路远，必须对每趟列车进行严密监控，才能确保安全、万无一失。” “停留车防溜是车站的安全卡控重点，我们每隔三至四个小时就必须检查一次，不能有一丝马虎。”说罢，站长刘胜钻到车下，用手拽了拽卡在车轮和钢轨间的铁鞋。 刘胜今年29岁，因业务精湛、工作认真负责被组织选派到斑竹园站担任站长，他最大的体会就是：火车24小时跑，安全工作一秒也不能松。“车站就是指挥中心，火车要跑得好，靠的是责任心和严格执行作业标准。”他说：“一年365天，无论白天黑夜，还是刮风下雨，守住安全是大伙的天职。” “每个车站都需要坚守，虽然条件苦了些，但确保大动脉运输畅通是我们必须肩负的责任。每当列车从山谷中安全通过时，大家心中无不感到自豪，更觉得自己的坚守有价值！”刚维护完道岔的副站长尹邦杰说道。 春运期间，每天都有列车呼啸而过，可能不会有旅客注意到斑竹园这样的小站存在，但接车、送车，每日重复，斑竹园车站这群年轻的“守护者”们却做得一丝不苟，他们坚守小站、守护安全，为旅客平安出行贡献着自己的青春力量。(完)
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